NFE2L2 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Nrf2 and expression of downstream target genes are decreased in the substantia nigra of aged rats, with Nrf2 overexpression exerting a protective response to neurodegeneration (Habas et al., 2013), including in models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), stroke, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD).