GSTM1 and anemia (phenotype): Defined by WHO as a haemoglobin (Hb) level of 11 g/dL and below or haematocrit level of less than 33%,1 anaemia in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal health outcomes such as miscarriages, stillbirths, intrauterine growth restriction, small for gestational age, perinatal anaemia and maternal mortality.7,8,9,10