The presence of NAFLD correlated with higher copeptin levels and, as expected, with all the clinical parameters associated with MS, such as greater BMI, waist circumference, FBG, presence of T2DM, and atherogenic dyslipidemia, whereas no association was found between NAFLD, sex, and age (Additional file 1: Table S1). This evidence concerns the gene AVP and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.