TNF and cancer: Notably, EPA supplementation improved body weight and lean body mass in cancer patients by modulating circulating inflammatory markers, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interferon- γ (IFN-γ), demonstrating an inhibitory effect on inflammatory parameters related to muscle atrophy and lipolysis [110].