JUN and neoplasm: Notably, JUN has immunosuppressive roles in macrophages and the phosphorylation of c‐Jun is acquired by the immunosuppressive protumorigenic macrophage phenotype,39 while the overexpression of IκBα (NFKBIA) inhibits NF‐kB activation in tumor‐associated macrophages and is associated with reduced tumor formation in hepatocellular carcinoma.40