Evaluating the polyphenolic fraction of olive oil, a principal component of MD, Serra et al. reported the inhibition of some crucial colonic inflammatory processes mediated by NF-kB, inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS), IL-8 and IL-6, thus proposing olive oil as a major dietary compound able to prevent and counteract the progression of IBD (101). Here, IL6 is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.