Despite progress in this area, low sample sizes, poor resolution of the immunoblots and heterogeneity in the neuropathology of patients with TDP-43 proteinopathies have obscured distinction of a reliable immunoblot pattern of CTFs (Arai et al., 2006, 2010; Hasegawa et al., 2008; Inukai et al., 2008). The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is proteostasis deficiencies.