It is possible that TDP-43 aggregation functions in a similar manner; soluble TDP-43 monomers and oligomers as well as micro- and macro-aggregates have been identified in cellular models of TDP-43 proteinopathy (Scotter et al., 2014), and in another study, preventing TDP-43 self-aggregation did not prevent cell death (Liu et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and proteostasis deficiencies.