Patients with DN had a more evident Th1 profile characterized by increased IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-12 and decreased Th2 cytokines IL-33 and IL-13, indicating that DN can be characterized by an increase in Th1 associated with suppression of Th2 response (Anand et al., 2014). This evidence concerns the gene IL13 and liver dysplastic nodule.