For that purpose, CD4 T cells were freshly isolated and expanded as described (16) from CSF of 19 relapsing remitting MS, 2 primary progressive MS and 1 clinically isolated syndrome patients (Table 2 and Supplementary Table 3), and, subsequently tested in quadruplicates for eight newly identified citrullinated MBP peptides together with the non-modified peptides. The gene discussed is MBP; the disease is primary progressive multiple sclerosis.