Recent studies have indicated that MAPK and NF-κB signaling contributed to PTX-induced peripheral neuropathy and increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and TNF-α, within the DRG (Doyle et al., 2012; Janes et al., 2014; Li et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2016). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is peripheral neuropathy.