One is caloric restriction, which can control oxidative stress or inflammatory response and promote the release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) to ameliorate brain function [14], and the other is the nutritional intervention by the oral administration of phytobioactive components, antioxidants, or polyphenolic compounds, which can result in decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative damage and therefore are a more applicable therapeutic approach with a higher adherence for counteracting neurodegenerative diseases [6,7,15,16]. Here, BDNF is linked to neurodegenerative disease.