In addition, 9 HIV-TB- controls were selected who did not differ in sex (55% male) or age [median (IQR) age = 36 (31–38)] from any of the HIV-infected groups, and had lower CRP levels [median (IQR) CRP = 0.51 (0.37–0.97)) mg/ml] compared to TB-IRIS patients and HIV+TB+ controls (p ≤ 0.033). Here, CRP is linked to tuberculosis.