INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Aerobic exercise training (AET) has been widely used for the prevention and treatment of obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) because it is able to improve mitochondrial function and fatty acid oxidation [1, 2], reduces body weight and adiposity [3, 4], improves insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in the skeletal muscle [5].