This molecular circuit is protective in a mouse model of biliary atresia, as evidenced by the fact that 1) a subset of patients with biliary atresia overexpress IL-33, 2) blockade of IL-33 signaling in a mouse model of biliary atresia induced by Rhesus rotavirus (RRV) infection exacerbates disease, and 3) administration of IL-33 to RRV-infected mice is protective against EHBD obstruction [7]. The gene discussed is IL33; the disease is biliary atresia.