IFNA1 and neoplasm: Taken together, these peripheral tumor-induced genes in the brain are all associated with canonical pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) signaling pathways in microglia (i.e., Itgam), for example, through TLRs (e.g., TLR7), Myd88, and NF-κb, resulting in transcription of inflammatory signals (e.g., IL-1β, IFN, ICAM).