Using grape seed extract (GSE) as a source of flavan-3-ols, individuals with pre-hypertension who drank beverages containing 300 mg GSE flavan-3-ols vs. control (0 mg) daily for 6 weeks showed trends in decreased fasting insulin and increased insulin sensitivity; a benefit that regressed after discontinuation of the beverages for four weeks [111]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and Hypertension.