HOXB13 and cancer: Intriguingly, several studies report that the HOXB13 G84E mutation is not only associated with increased risk of prostate cancer, but also significantly associated with an elevated risk of leukemia, and cancers of the bladder, breast, and kidney [25,28,33,34,35], indicating that this prostate cancer susceptibility gene, HOXB13, may also play key roles in the predisposition to a variety of cancers.