The identification of microRNAs that target CXCL12 is important, because it has been demonstrated that CXCR4 pathway is consistently downregulated in skeletal muscles from mice and patients with cancer-associated cachexia, and the activation of the Cxcl12/Cxcr4 pathway protects muscle from wasting in mice with the syndrome [43]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL12 and cancer.