In combination with our previous study [33], we can draw the conclusion that SAA effectively attenuates kidney injury of CKD, which can be attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities through inhibition of the NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways and activation of the Akt/GSK-3β/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Here, NFE2L2 is linked to chronic kidney disease.