ROCK1 and lung carcinoma: In lung cancer cells, Bufalin (25–10 nM) was observed to suppress MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, which were mediated through multiple pathways, including p38 MAPK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (Erk1/2), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) and NF-κB [69, 70, 74].