The present study divided PM2.5 into W-PM2.5, F-PM2.5, and I-PM2.5 to investigate the macrophage toxicity of PM2.5 and its effect on the levels of the NF-κB signaling pathway and inflammatory molecules, to analyze the mechanism of PM2.5-induced inflammation in respiratory diseases and to provide a new theoretical basis to prevent and treat the respiratory system diseases caused by atmospheric PM2.5. Here, NFKB1 is linked to respiratory system disorder.