Altogether, the higher AST, IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-18 levels and, in contrast, lower IL-12 levels detected after DENV challenge, in vaccinated compared to non-vaccinated macaques (Figs 5 and S7), reflect the overall biochemical/hematological and immune mediator profiles observed in humans experiencing severe dengue while further indicating that FcγR-mediated DENV infection may have occurred in vaccinated macaques. Here, IL18 is linked to dengue disease.