GPT and osteoporosis: For example, a recent study in osteoporosis patients with degenerative lumbar disease showed that oral administration of alginate nanoparticles after corrective surgery increased antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory agents such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1ra) while decreasing markers of inflammation and oxidative stress such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and interleukin 1β (IL‐1β) (Qu et al., 2017).