Previously, we and others have reported associations of V103I MC4R with lower BMI and obesity risk (Geller et al., 2004, Gu et al., 1999, Heid et al., 2005, Stutzmann et al., 2007, Young et al., 2007), which were confirmed in this analysis (Table S7). This evidence concerns the gene MC4R and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.