CD4+CD25+ Tregs not only had increased in number in the circulation and tumor tissues of patients with HNSCC (96), but also became more immunosuppressive due to expressing more TGF-β-associated the latency-associated peptide (LAP) and the glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP) as well as ATP-hydrolyzing CD39 on their surface in the blood of HNSCC patients treated with chemoradiotherapy. Here, TGFB1 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.