IL1B and adult-onset Still disease: Different clinical and basic research have uncovered the key-role of IL-1 in an extended spectrum of immune dysregulatory conditions, and after showing the dramatic success and safety profile of IL-1 inhibitors in the treatment of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome, a complex disease spectrum caused by excessive release of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1 (Cantarini et al., 2011), many clinicians have been encouraged to a wider use of these drugs in other disorders, including AOSD.