After a stroke, mitochondrial oxidative stress results in a large number of ROS production, which can induce ER stress (ERS), finally causing inflammation and cell apoptosis, via C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), Caspase12, JUN activation (López-Hernández et al., 2015; Poone et al., 2015). The gene discussed is DDIT3; the disease is Stroke.