Assessing levels of interleukin (IL) 6 (IL6), IL10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and numbers of immune cells (CD4+, CD8+, CD27+, and mast cell tryptase), they found that there was no association between diverticulosis and TNF (odds ratio (OR), 0.85; 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 0.63-1.16) and no association with CD4+ cells (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.87-1.60), CD8+ cells (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.71-1.32), or CD 57+ cells (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.59-1.09). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is diverticular disease.