GS is referred to as a mild variant of classic Bartter syndrome (or renal tubular normotensive hypokalemic alkalosis with hypercalciuria; MIM #607364), which is caused by defects in genes encoding chloride channel components, including CLCNKB, chloride voltage-gated channel Ka (CLCNKA), or both. The gene discussed is CLCNKA; the disease is Bartter syndrome.