BRAF and melanoma: For example, BRAF-mutated melanoma is known to manifest more aggressively in patients than BRAF wild-type melanoma.11BRAF-mutant tumors are more likely to metastasize to the brain than BRAF wild-type tumors, and are also linked to decreased likelihood of survival in patients with stage IV cancer.12 It is thus crucial to quickly determine whether melanoma patients have BRAF-mutated tumors to select the appropriate treatment.