This degree of variability may have profound implications for future therapeutic trials targeting the inflammatory cascade in either pediatric respiratory failure and/or PARDS, particularly since elevated IL-8 is one of the biomarkers shown to be able to distinguish between the hyperinflammatory and hypoinflammatory subphenotypes in adults ARDS [17, 27, 28]. Here, CXCL8 is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.