In contrast, human brain tissue from adult patients after traumatic brain injury (TBI) exhibits higher levels of autophagosomes and LC3-II than control tissue [99], and the levels of p62/sequestosome 1 and Beclin-1 are significantly higher in cerebrospinal fluid from children with severe TBI than in normal control cerebrospinal fluid [100]. Here, SQSTM1 is linked to brain injury.