NOX4 siRNA or NOX1/4 inhibitor (gkt136901) was previously found to prevent high glucose-induced fibronectin deposition in the kidneys and attenuate albuminuria in diabetic mice, revealing the renal protective effects of NOX1/4 inhibitor as a promising approach for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy [38, 39]. Here, NOX4 is linked to diabetic kidney disease.