In addition, chemotherapeutics modifies the levels of several cytokines, down-regulates immune suppressive cytokines (i.e., transforming growth factor-β (TGF β) and IL10), and up-regulates cytokines promoting tumor immunity (i.e., tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-2, and interferon (IFN)–γ) [23]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is neoplasm.