TLR4 and hepatocellular carcinoma: There was also reduced levels of gram-negative phylum Proteobacteria but a higher abundance of gram-positive phylum Firmicutes in Nlrp12-/- mice (Figure 5—figure supplement 1A), suggesting that increased TLR4 responses in Nlrp12-/- HCC may not be due to increased gram-negative bacteria in their gut.