PTPN22 and Autoimmunity: They include several genes with a known role in immunity, including: HLF, the expression of which is associated with the extent of lymphocytic infiltration after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy23; PTPN22, a shared autoimmunity gene24, which encodes a protein tyrosine phosphatase that negatively regulates presentation of immune complex-derived antigens25; and RHBDD3, a negative regulator of TLR3-triggered natural killer cell activation26, and critical regulator of dendritic cell activation27.