IRF5, for example, has a strong genetic association with disease (46), and a risk haplotype which results in enhanced IRF5 expression in SLE was found to correlate with enhanced levels of proinflammatory cytokines released from monocyte-derived cells from healthy individuals stimulated with NOD2 and TLRs ligands, thus indicating the presence of a correlation between IRF5 genetic variants and IRF5-mediated transcriptional regulation of cytokine genes (47). The gene discussed is IRF5; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.