Similar to the observations made in cardiomyopathy tissue with a reduced ejection fraction, we observed altered mRNA steady-state concentrations in myosin heavy chain isoforms (MYH6/7), heart-failure-associated Ca2+-handling (ATP2A2, PPP1R1A), hypertrophy (FHL2, NPPA, NPPB), and fibrosis (COL1A1, CTGF, POSTN) markers in comparison to NF samples. This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and heart failure.