Mild collagen fiber formation and a high rate of vesselformation were observed in the group treated with bittermelon (Pişkin et al., 2014).Singh et al. (2017)reported thattopical extracts of bitter melon can increase the formationof granulation tissue.Hussan et al. (2014)reported thatbitter melon ointment can accelerate ulcer healing andincrease TGF-β 52 expression. Here, TGFB1 is linked to ulcer disease.