BRCA1 and hereditary breast carcinoma: BRCA1/2 mutations are characterized as an increased lifetime risk for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome.1 Clinical genetic testing for familial breast cancer (BC) has been transformed by the advent of massively parallel sequencing, which allows simultaneous screening of a large number of genes at a fraction of the cost on one gene sequencing previously.2 However, there is a large portion of familial BC not associated with BRCA1/2 mutations.