AZIN2 and benign prostatic hyperplasia: With a similar alteration pattern, the expression levels in two spermidine synthesis-related genes, including the arginine decarboxylase gene (ADC) and the spermidine synthase gene (SPDS), were also significantly upregulated during BPH infestation in the TN1 and IR36 rice cultivars (p < 0.05, ANOVA, Fig. 3), while SPDS expression was significantly decreased at 24 h post-BPH feeding in the IR56 rice variety (p < 0.05, ANOVA, Fig. 3).