Recently, two new type II BRAF inhibitors, vemurafenib (PLX4032/ Zelboraf®, Plexxikon and Genentech) and dabrafenib (GSK2118437/ Tafinlar®, GlaxoSmithKline), have achieved approval by the FDA for the treatment of metastatic and unresectable BRAF-mutated melanomas [241, 260]. This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and melanoma.