Baseline hormonal and biochemical profiling of 20 controls and 20 women with PCOS (days 3–5 of the follicular phase of menstrual cycle) showed that the baseline levels (day 3 follicular phase estimates in serum) of luteinizing hormone (LH), LH/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio, and of AMH were high, while the levels of FSH were low in women with PCOS, compared to controls. This evidence concerns the gene AMH and polycystic ovary syndrome.