A recent study investigated the therapeutic efficacy of combining an unconventional anti-inflammatory therapy (lenalidomide, a small thalidomide derivative with immunomodulatory activity and therapeutic effects in multiple myeloma [91–93], with inhibition of TNFα production [93, 94]) with an αS-reducing immunotherapeutic approach (CD5-D5 single chain antibody) in a novel transgenic mouse model of MSA pathogenesis. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is multiple system atrophy.