The involvement of the apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1)-MAPK pathway, the transducer activator transcription 3 and other survival pathways insulin receptor substrate 2 via phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3k) and its downstream effectors 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase-1, ribosomal protein S6 kinase polypeptide 1 and v-protein kinase B (Akt) oncogene homolog) in NASH and NASH-related fibrosis has been also suggested [25,26]. This evidence concerns the gene IRS2 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.