Indeed, the increased circulating adiponectin levels in patients with end-stage renal disease [5] and the increased expression of adiponectin receptors that positively correlates with serum and urinary adiponectin levels in rats with chronic renal failure [6] indicate that there might be an intriguing link between adiponectin and the kidney in the setting of renal injury. This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and chronic kidney disease.