Due to the diversity of TGF-βs, TGF-β family receptors, Smads, and DNA-elements, as well as the different interaction patterns between various proteins [69,70,71,72], TGF-β signaling pathways can induce very diverse physiological and pathological responses [73,74,75,76], including immunity [77], cancer [78], fibrosis [79], and hematopoietic homeostasis [80]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and cancer.