In addition to SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT3, and SIRT6, other sirtuins, such as SIRT4, SIRT5, and SIRT7, play crucial roles in cellular homeostasis and functions, including redox homeostasis, anti-inflammation, cell survival, and mitochondrial quality control (95–100), which may be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and T2DM. The gene discussed is SIRT5; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.