HPV-16 induces annexin II translocation to the external leaflets of the plasma membrane in human keratinocytes and this subsequently results in annexin II translocation for virus binding and internalization, whereas, during cytomegalovirus infection, virus inoculation at higher temperatures, increases virus association with annexin II and enhances cytomegalovirus infection [37,38]. This evidence concerns the gene ANXA2 and cytomegalovirus infection.