The failure of AD-HIES patients to produce a functional Th17 response is consistent with studies demonstrating the defective clearance of S. aureus from the lungs of Il17r or Il22 KO mice (Kudva et al., 2011), and this may to be dependent on reduced anti-microbial function of lung epithelial cells (Minegishi et al., 2009). Here, IL22 is linked to Alzheimer disease.