STAT3 and bacterial infectious disease: To further investigate the mechanism of IL-21-induced killing of MRSA, because IL-21 signals in part via STAT3, we next used neutrophils from patients with autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (AD-HIES) or Job’s syndrome, a disease caused by autosomal dominant mutations in STAT3 that result in STAT3 deficiency, with increased susceptibility to fungal and bacterial infections, including S. aureus (Freeman and Holland, 2008).